Challenges of Democracy
Explain any five major challenges being faced by the Indian democracy?
Ans:
Challenge of corruption.
Challenge of caste politics.
Challenge of communal politics.
Challenge of regionalism.
Challenge of women empowerment.
Challenge of economic inequalities.
What are the features of a good democracy?
Ans: Feature of a good democracy are:
Rulers are elected by the people to take all decisions.
Elections give an opportunity and choice to the people.
Democracy ensure that rights are given to the citizens.
How would like to expand the definition of democracy? Explain.
Ans: Definition of democracy shall be expanded by adding following features:
The rulers elected by the people must take all the decisions.
Elections must offer a choice and fair opportunity to the people.
The choice and opportunity should be available to all the people on an equal basis.
The exercise of this choice must lead to a government limited by the basic rules of the constitution and citizens rights.
A challenge is an opportunity for progress”. Support the statement with your arguments.
Ans: A challenge is an opportunity for progress because:
A challenge is not just a problem.
A challenge is a difficulty that carries within it an opportunity for progress.
Once we overcome a challenge we go up to a higher level than before.
Legal challenges alone cannot overcome challenges to democracy like inequality, poverty, unemployment etc.
Legal constitutional changes and the cooperation of the citizen is the need of the hour.
Suggest any three political reforms to strengthen democracy?
Ans: Some of the reforms to strengthen the working of political parties are follows:
The constitution was amended to prevent elected MLA’s and MP’s from changing parties.
If any MLA or MP changes parties, he or she will lose the seat in the legislature.
The Supreme Court passed an order to reduce the influence of money and criminals.
It is mandatory for every candidate who contest elections to file an affidavit giving details of his property and criminal cases pending against him.
The election commission has made it necessary for political parties to hold their organizational elections and file their income tax returns.
A law should be made to regulate the internal affairs of political parties. It should be made compulsory for political parties to maintain a register of its members, to follow its constitution, to act as a judge in case of party disputes, to hold open elections for the highest posts.
It should be made mandatory for political parties to give a minimum number of tickets to women.
Similarly, a 33% quota for women can be fixed in the decision-making bodies of the party.
There should be state funding elections.
Legal reforms may sometimes be counterproductive”. Support the statement with suitable arguments.
Ans:
Any legal change must carefully look at the results it will have on politics.
Sometimes the results can be counter-productive.
For example many states have banned people who have more than two children from contesting panchayat elections.
This has resulted in the denial of democratic opportunity to many poor men and women.
Generally, laws that seek to ban something are not very successful in politics.
The best laws are those which empower people to carry out democratic reforms.
Ex: Right to Information Act
Describe the expanded scope of democracy in the modern world?
Ans: In the modern society, democracy is not limited to its very common definition but its area or scope has been widened under the influence of global concepts and some socio-economic changes:
Democratic rights are not limited to the right to vote, to stand in election and form political organizations.
A democracy should grant some social and economic rights to its citizens.
The very spirit of power sharing in democracy is extended to the ‘power sharing between government and social groups’.
Modern democracy does not value only the voice of majority but it respects the voice of minority as well.
Now, the democracy has extended its scope from government and its activities to eliminating discrimination based on caste, religion and gender.
“The challenge of deepening of democracy is faced by every democracy in one form or another.” Explain.
Ans:
The challenge of deepening of democracy is faced by every democracy in one form or the other.
This involves strengthening of the institutions and practices of democracy.
But ordinary people have different expectations from democracy in different societies.
Therefore, challenge takes different meanings and paths in different parts of the world.
In general terms, it usually means strengthening those institutions that help people’s participation and control.
This requires an attempt to bring down the control and influence of the rich and powerful people in making governmental decisions.
“Different countries face different kinds of challenges.” Support the statement with suitable examples.
Or
Explain various types of challenges being faced by the modern democracies of the world?
Ans: It is true that different countries face different kinds of challenges:
Foundational challenge:
Non-democratic countries face foundational challenges.
This involves bringing down the existing non-democratic regime, keeping military away from controlling government and establishing a sovereign and functional state.
Ex: Myanmar.
Challenge of expansion:
Most of the established democracies face the challenge of expansion.
This involves applying the basic principle of democratic government across all the regions, different social groups and various institutions.
Ex: India and US
Challenge of deepening of democracy:
Every democracy faces the challenge of deepening of democracy.
This involves strengthening of the institutions and practices of democracy.
It requires an attempt to bring down that control and influence of the rich and powerful people in making government decision.
Ex: Saudi Arabia.
When was the ‘Right to Information Act’ implemented? How does it act as the watch-dog of democracy? Explain.
Ans: “The Right to Information Act’ was implemented in 2005.
It empowers the people to find out what is happening in government.
It acts as the watchdogs of democracy.
It helps to control corruption and supplements the existing laws that banned corruption and imposed strict penalties.
It gives political actors incentives to do good things have more chances of working.
Explain any five major challenges being faced by the Indian democracy?
Ans:
Challenge of corruption.
Challenge of caste politics.
Challenge of communal politics.
Challenge of regionalism.
Challenge of women empowerment.
Challenge of economic inequalities.
What are the features of a good democracy?
Ans: Feature of a good democracy are:
Rulers are elected by the people to take all decisions.
Elections give an opportunity and choice to the people.
Democracy ensure that rights are given to the citizens.
How would like to expand the definition of democracy? Explain.
Ans: Definition of democracy shall be expanded by adding following features:
The rulers elected by the people must take all the decisions.
Elections must offer a choice and fair opportunity to the people.
The choice and opportunity should be available to all the people on an equal basis.
The exercise of this choice must lead to a government limited by the basic rules of the constitution and citizens rights.
A challenge is an opportunity for progress”. Support the statement with your arguments.
Ans: A challenge is an opportunity for progress because:
A challenge is not just a problem.
A challenge is a difficulty that carries within it an opportunity for progress.
Once we overcome a challenge we go up to a higher level than before.
Legal challenges alone cannot overcome challenges to democracy like inequality, poverty, unemployment etc.
Legal constitutional changes and the cooperation of the citizen is the need of the hour.
Suggest any three political reforms to strengthen democracy?
Ans: Some of the reforms to strengthen the working of political parties are follows:
The constitution was amended to prevent elected MLA’s and MP’s from changing parties.
If any MLA or MP changes parties, he or she will lose the seat in the legislature.
The Supreme Court passed an order to reduce the influence of money and criminals.
It is mandatory for every candidate who contest elections to file an affidavit giving details of his property and criminal cases pending against him.
The election commission has made it necessary for political parties to hold their organizational elections and file their income tax returns.
A law should be made to regulate the internal affairs of political parties. It should be made compulsory for political parties to maintain a register of its members, to follow its constitution, to act as a judge in case of party disputes, to hold open elections for the highest posts.
It should be made mandatory for political parties to give a minimum number of tickets to women.
Similarly, a 33% quota for women can be fixed in the decision-making bodies of the party.
There should be state funding elections.
Legal reforms may sometimes be counterproductive”. Support the statement with suitable arguments.
Ans:
Any legal change must carefully look at the results it will have on politics.
Sometimes the results can be counter-productive.
For example many states have banned people who have more than two children from contesting panchayat elections.
This has resulted in the denial of democratic opportunity to many poor men and women.
Generally, laws that seek to ban something are not very successful in politics.
The best laws are those which empower people to carry out democratic reforms.
Ex: Right to Information Act
Describe the expanded scope of democracy in the modern world?
Ans: In the modern society, democracy is not limited to its very common definition but its area or scope has been widened under the influence of global concepts and some socio-economic changes:
Democratic rights are not limited to the right to vote, to stand in election and form political organizations.
A democracy should grant some social and economic rights to its citizens.
The very spirit of power sharing in democracy is extended to the ‘power sharing between government and social groups’.
Modern democracy does not value only the voice of majority but it respects the voice of minority as well.
Now, the democracy has extended its scope from government and its activities to eliminating discrimination based on caste, religion and gender.
“The challenge of deepening of democracy is faced by every democracy in one form or another.” Explain.
Ans:
The challenge of deepening of democracy is faced by every democracy in one form or the other.
This involves strengthening of the institutions and practices of democracy.
But ordinary people have different expectations from democracy in different societies.
Therefore, challenge takes different meanings and paths in different parts of the world.
In general terms, it usually means strengthening those institutions that help people’s participation and control.
This requires an attempt to bring down the control and influence of the rich and powerful people in making governmental decisions.
“Different countries face different kinds of challenges.” Support the statement with suitable examples.
Or
Explain various types of challenges being faced by the modern democracies of the world?
Ans: It is true that different countries face different kinds of challenges:
Foundational challenge:
Non-democratic countries face foundational challenges.
This involves bringing down the existing non-democratic regime, keeping military away from controlling government and establishing a sovereign and functional state.
Ex: Myanmar.
Challenge of expansion:
Most of the established democracies face the challenge of expansion.
This involves applying the basic principle of democratic government across all the regions, different social groups and various institutions.
Ex: India and US
Challenge of deepening of democracy:
Every democracy faces the challenge of deepening of democracy.
This involves strengthening of the institutions and practices of democracy.
It requires an attempt to bring down that control and influence of the rich and powerful people in making government decision.
Ex: Saudi Arabia.
When was the ‘Right to Information Act’ implemented? How does it act as the watch-dog of democracy? Explain.
Ans: “The Right to Information Act’ was implemented in 2005.
It empowers the people to find out what is happening in government.
It acts as the watchdogs of democracy.
It helps to control corruption and supplements the existing laws that banned corruption and imposed strict penalties.
It gives political actors incentives to do good things have more chances of working.
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